cross-posted from: https://slrpnk.net/post/19214397
(Note that Pravda network of websites this article is talking about is different from the websites using the Pravda.ru domain, which publishes in English and Russian and are owned by Vadim Gorshenin, a self-described supporter of Russian President Vladimir Putin, who formerly worked for the Pravda newspaper, which was owned by the Communist Party in the former Soviet Union.)
A Moscow-based disinformation network named “Pravda” — the Russian word for “truth” — is pursuing an ambitious strategy by deliberately infiltrating the retrieved data of artificial intelligence chatbots, publishing false claims and propaganda for the purpose of affecting the responses of AI models on topics in the news rather than by targeting human readers, NewsGuard has confirmed. By flooding search results and web crawlers with pro-Kremlin falsehoods, the network is distorting how large language models process and present news and information. The result: Massive amounts of Russian propaganda — 3,600,000 articles in 2024 — are now incorporated in the outputs of Western AI systems, infecting their responses with false claims and propaganda.
This infection of Western chatbots was foreshadowed in a talk American fugitive turned Moscow based propagandist John Mark Dougan gave in Moscow last January at a conference of Russian officials, when he told them, “By pushing these Russian narratives from the Russian perspective, we can actually change worldwide AI.”
A NewsGuard audit has found that the leading AI chatbots repeated false narratives laundered by the Pravda network 33 percent of the time — validating Dougan’s promise of a powerful new distribution channel for Kremlin disinformation.
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The Pravda network does not produce original content. Instead, it functions as a laundering machine for Kremlin propaganda, aggregating content from Russian state media, pro-Kremlin influencers, and government agencies and officials through a broad set of seemingly independent websites.
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Since its launch, the network has been extensively covered by NewsGuard, Viginum, the Digital Forensics Research Lab, Recorded Future, the Foundation for Defense of Democracies, and the European Digital Media Observatory. Starting in August 2024, NewsGuard’s AI Misinformation Monitor, a monthly evaluation that tests the propensity for chatbots to repeat false narratives in the news, has repeatedly documented the chatbots’ reliance on the Pravda network and their propensity to repeat Russian disinformation.
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The network spreads its false claims in dozens of languages across different geographical regions, making them appear more credible and widespread across the globe to AI models. Of the 150 sites in the Pravda network, approximately 40 are Russian-language sites publishing under domain names targeting specific cities and regions of Ukraine, including News-Kiev.ru, Kherson-News.ru, and Donetsk-News.ru. Approximately 70 sites target Europe and publish in languages including English, French, Czech, Irish, and Finnish. Approximately 30 sites target countries in Africa, the Pacific, Middle East, North America, the Caucasus and Asia, including Burkina Faso, Niger, Canada, Japan, and Taiwan. The remaining sites are divided by theme, with names such as NATO.News-Pravda.com, Trump.News-Pravda.com, and Macron.News-Pravda.com.
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Despite its scale and size, the network receives little to no organic reach. According to web analytics company SimilarWeb, Pravda-en.com, an English-language site within the network, has an average of only 955 monthly unique visitors. Another site in the network, NATO.news-pravda.com, has an average of 1,006 monthly unique visitors a month, per SimilarWeb, a fraction of the 14.4 million estimated monthly visitors to Russian state-run RT.com.
Similarly, a February 2025 report by the American Sunlight Project (ASP) found that the 67 Telegram channels linked to the Pravda network have an average of only 43 followers and the Pravda network’s X accounts have an average of 23 followers.
But these small numbers mask the network’s potential influence. Instead of establishing an organic audience across social media as publishers typically do, the network appears to be focused on saturating search results and web crawlers with automated content at scale. The ASP found that on average, the network publishes 20,273 articles every 48 hours, or approximately 3.6 million articles a year, an estimate that it said is “highly likely underestimating the true level of activity of this network” because the sample the group used for the calculation excluded some of the most active sites in the network.
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[Edit typo.]